Who Lives Here

Asheville and Buncombe County: a community already under pressure from housing costs, climate impacts, and post-Helene recovery.

City of Asheville
94,067
Population (2020 Census). MSA population: 422,333. Home prices rose 43% (2016–2021); lowest-income areas spiked 116%.
US Census, City of Asheville data
Buncombe County
269,452
Population (2020 Census). 43 deaths from Helene. 372 homes destroyed. 11,000 homes needing repairs. 76,000 FEMA applications.
Buncombe County, FEMA data
UNC Asheville
3,056
Enrollment (Fall 2024), down 25% from 2015 peak of 3,900. An additional 6% decline (180 students) in Fall 2025. $6–8M annual structural deficit.
UNCA institutional data
Hurricane Helene Impact
$59.6B
~$59.6B NC statewide damage and needs from Helene (Sep 2024, NC OSBM). Approximately 40% of Buncombe's non-urban tree canopy damaged or downed (NC Forest Service appraisal Oct 2024; urban Asheville excluded). 822,000 acres of timber damaged across WNC. $324M FEMA disbursed.
NC emergency management, FEMA

Five Points Neighborhood

Directly adjacent to the forest and immediately downstream along Reed Creek. The 2018 Five Points Neighborhood Plan explicitly called for keeping the urban forest intact. Unanimous neighborhood opposition to development. During Helene, Five Points was not listed among the City's most-damaged areas (which were concentrated in Biltmore Village, Swannanoa, and the River Arts District) — though individual residents did report flooded crawl spaces and basements. A screening-level SCS-CN model estimates the forest retained 3.7–7.0 million gallons of stormwater during the Helene event, serving as functional flood infrastructure.

Potential stadium impacts on Five Points: typical match crowd noise ~90–120 dB with goal-moment peaks higher (general professional-soccer-stadium range); on-field professional-soccer lighting commonly 500–1,500 lux per ANSI/IES RP-6 with stadium-class luminaires (peripheral light-trespass values depend on shielding); DarkSky / IDA-IES Model Lighting Ordinance light-trespass limits at residential property lines are typically 0.0–0.5 lux depending on zone [DarkSky guidelines]; potentially up to ~284 event nights per year depending on scheduling intensity (model assumption, not project disclosure); modeled stormwater runoff increase of 5.4–6.8 million gallons per major storm under SCS-CN screening.

Stakeholder Map

Key stakeholders organized by category, role, and documented position. Stance reflects published statements, votes, and organizational missions. "Unknown" means no public position found in the research corpus.

University System

Name Role Stance Contacted
Kimberly van Noort Chancellor, UNCA (since Jan 2024) Neutral
"Open to a different plan" (Feb 2026)
Unknown
Peter Heckman BOT Vice Chair; MC Commission co-chair Opposed
Voted for 99-year lease
Unknown
Swadesh Chatterjee UNC Board of Governors member Allied
"I have not seen anywhere, by building a soccer stadium, that we attracted more students."
No
UNC Board of Governors Approved 99-year lease (8-1 vote, Jul 25, 2025) Opposed No
Adam Walters MC Commission co-chair (NC State) Unknown No

City / County Government

Name Role Stance Contacted
City of Asheville Owns 31 parcels near site; CRS Class 8; zoning authority stripped by HB 926 Likely Allied Unknown
Amanda Edwards Chair, Buncombe County Commission Unknown No
Buncombe County Land-swap partner; service provider Unknown Unknown

Community Organizations

Name Role Stance Contacted
Save the Woods / FOTW Primary advocacy campaign; 17,000+ petition signatures Allied Yes
Kerry Graham-Walter Community organizer, Save the Woods Allied Yes
Five Points Neighborhood Assoc. Adjacent neighborhood; unanimous opposition Allied Unknown
Scott Burroughs / This Land Studio Architect; proposed innovation/arts quarter (Oct 2025) Allied Unknown
Spencer Beals Artist; "Batland" installation (Dec 2025) Allied Unknown

Developer

Name Role Stance Contacted
Mark McCullers / McCullers Group Developer; Asheville Stadium District Real Estate Project LLC (registered Nov 2024) Opposed No

Academic / Research

Name Role Stance Contacted
Dr. David Clarke UNCA Biology; NSF PI; most-cited faculty voice Allied Yes
Dr. Andrew Laughlin UNCA Ecology; SRS co-author; field courses in forest Allied Yes
USFS Southern Research Station Federal research HQ adjacent (200 W.T. Weaver Blvd); ~300 employees Unknown
Threatened by consolidation to Fort Collins
No
NEMAC Climate modeling center on UNCA campus Unknown No

Federal Government

Name Role Stance Contacted
FEMA Flood mapping, disaster recovery; $324M approved for Buncombe Neutral No
USACE Nashville District Post-Helene flood assessment; 2,587 high-water marks Neutral No

Indigenous Nations

Name Role Stance Contacted
Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Sovereign nation; potential Section 106 standing; 12,000 years of habitation Unknown No
Russell Townsend Tribal Historic Preservation Officer, EBCI Unknown No

Conservation Organizations

Name Role Stance Contacted
SAHC Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy; 95,000+ ac protected since 1974 Allied Unknown
MountainTrue Environmental advocacy organization Allied Unknown
Appalachian Tree Alliance Documented old-growth trees in UNCA forest Allied Unknown

The Community Response

The proposal to develop the 45-acre forest triggered one of the strongest community responses in recent Asheville history.

17,000+
Petition signatures (Save the Woods)
100+
Student walkout after Batland removal
25
Artists in Batland collaboration
Unanimous
Five Points neighborhood opposition

Organizing Structure

Save the Woods / Friends of the Woods (FOTW) is organized around working "pillars," including a Viable Alternatives strategic pillar developing conservation-forward proposals. The organization has conducted direct outreach to City Council and the Millennial Campus Development Commission.

5 Points Plan on a Page (2018)

The 5 Points Plan on a Page (2018) is a community vision document prepared by the 5 Points Neighborhood Association (document design: Kenny Armstrong, J.M. Teague Engineering & Planning) and listed in the City of Asheville's neighborhood-plans catalog. It is a neighborhood-level vision document — not a council-adopted small-area plan — and reflects the documented priorities of the Neighborhood Association. In the Sustainability section (page 15), the plan states the neighborhood will: “Work with UNCA and residents to keep the Urban Forest intact and encourage users of the forest to be stewards and advocates.” HB 926 (October 2025) does not override the plan's existence, but does exempt the university from the local zoning authority that would otherwise be one channel for the community to act on the plan.

Spencer Beals and "Batland"

In December 2025, artist Spencer Beals installed "Batland" in the forest — a collaborative art piece involving 25 artists. UNCA administration removed it in January 2026, triggering a student walkout of over 100 students. The incident became a galvanizing moment for campus opposition and was widely covered in local media.

Scott Burroughs Alternative Vision

Architect Scott Burroughs of This Land Studio presented an alternative vision in October 2025: an innovation/arts quarter that preserves the forest while activating the already-cleared Millennial Campus parcels. His proposal demonstrated that economic development and forest preservation are not mutually exclusive.

University Precedents

Six universities have faced campus forest development conflicts. In every case where a transparent, evidence-based process was followed, preservation prevailed — and the institution benefited.

Virginia Tech
Blacksburg, VA — 2012
11.3-acre old-growth "Stadium Woods" threatened by indoor practice facility. Published dendroecology paper (Copenheaver et al., 2014) documented white oaks aged 250–450 years.
Outcome: Forest preserved. Facility relocated to alternate site. 377-page stewardship plan adopted in 2016. Biohabitats independent ecological assessment was decisive.
Drew University
Madison, NJ — January 2026
51-acre campus forest threatened by development. Independent ecological review conducted. Community process engaged multiple stakeholders.
Outcome: 51 acres preserved. Development redirected. Governor Murphy called it "a model."
Rider University
Lawrenceville, NJ — March 2026
56-acre "The Big Woods" proposed for development. Community process led to negotiated sale to county government.
Outcome: Sold to Mercer County for $8.5 million. Forest preserved as public park.
Warren Wilson College
Swannanoa, NC — Ongoing
Same county as UNCA. Conservation easement placed on campus forest. Partnership with Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy.
Outcome: Conservation easement ($7.8M) triggered $10 million anonymous donation — largest in the college's 130-year history.
Appalachian State University
Boone, NC — 1999
67-acre campus forest designated as State Natural Area. Ongoing research and education use. Formal stewardship management.
Outcome: Formal designation provides permanent protection. Forest used actively for teaching and research for 25+ years.
Columbia University
New York, NY — 2000s
Manhattanville expansion threatened neighborhood identity. "Save the Timbers" campaign engaged community and academic stakeholders.
Outcome: Neighborhood identity preserved in expansion plan. Named place identity ("Manhattanville") formally recognized.

UNCA Process Quality: 0 of 5 Benchmark Elements Met

Against the five elements that define a credible campus forest decision, UNCA's process fails on every count:

  1. Third-party ecological assessment: Not done. Long-term research plots destroyed January 2025.
  2. Mixed-stakeholder committee: The 12-member Millennial Campus Development Advisory Committee (announced via UNCA's own news channels in January 2026 with HR&A Advisors retained as consultant; see UNCA announcement) is composed predominantly of UNCA Board members, alumni, and institutional affiliates. Named current trustees: Stephen De May, David Meyer; plus co-chair Peter Heckman (BOT Vice Chair) and Lou Bissette (former trustee, former mayor, former UNC BOG chair). Co-chair Adam Walters is a UNCA alumnus at NC State. Other members include Victoria Isley (Explore Asheville / BCTDA CEO — a potential funder of either the proposed stadium or an alternative), Dr. Keith Krumpe (UNCA Interim Dean of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences; Senior Administrator of Space Planning), Rick Lutovsky (former Asheville Chamber CEO), Lakesha McDay (alumna), Chuck McGrady (former NC State Rep; former National President, Sierra Club), and Charles Tessier (real estate consultant). The committee meets in closed sessions through May 2026; HR&A Advisors will synthesize the recommendations into the Millennial Campus Action Plan. The composition raises an independence question that a transparent process would resolve by publishing recusal policies and deliberation criteria. (See also Asheville Watchdog reporting.)
  3. Written alternatives analysis: Not done. No public feasibility study despite $204M commitment.
  4. Named place identity: Partial. "Save the Woods" campaign exists but no formal reserve designation.
  5. Ongoing stewardship posture: Not started. No stewardship plan, endowment, or management framework.

The Process So Far

A timeline from Hurricane Helene through the present, showing how decisions were made, by whom, and what remains unresolved.

September 2024
Hurricane Helene
13.98 inches of rainfall over three days at Asheville Regional Airport (NOAA NCEI / NWS), wettest September on record [NCSCO]; French Broad River at Asheville crested at 24.67 ft on September 27, 2024 — 1.5 ft higher than the previous record of 23.10 ft set during the July 1916 flood (USGS gauge 03451500) [USGS]; 43 deaths in Buncombe County; 11,488 homes damaged and 372 destroyed in Buncombe (NC Housing Coalition 2026 study); ~$59.6B in NC statewide damage and needs (NC OSBM revised assessment, Dec 13, 2024) [NC OSBM]; roughly 40% of Buncombe's non-urban tree canopy damaged or downed (~89,440 of 223,600 tree acres) per NC Forest Service damage appraisal, October 2024 [NCFS]. The UNCA forest is estimated by an SCS-CN screening model to have retained 3.7–7.0 million gallons during the event — functional flood infrastructure, modeled (not measured).
November 27, 2024
Developer LLC Registered
"Asheville Stadium District Real Estate Project LLC" registered in North Carolina — 6 months before public announcement of the stadium project.
December 2024
NC Office of State Archaeology Survey
Field survey conducted under the project name "UNC-A Confidential Development Project." Results not made public.
January 2025
Long-Term Research Plots Destroyed
Heavy equipment enters the forest (January 13). Long-term ecological research plots are destroyed before any formal baseline inventory could be published. Irreversible loss of scientific data.
June 13, 2025
Stadium Formally Announced
5,000-seat soccer stadium + 300 apartments announced. Total cost: $204.1M. Stadium: $59M. $29M public subsidy sought.
July 11, 2025
UNCA Board of Trustees Approves Ground Lease
99-year ground lease approved. $1/year to UNCA endowment. $46M projected over 30 years. Construction deferred 5 years.
July 25, 2025
UNC Board of Governors Approves Lease
Vote: 8–1. Swadesh Chatterjee is the sole dissenter. 14 days from BOT approval to BOG approval.
August 14, 2025
Project Paused; Development Commission Created
Public backlash forces a pause. The Millennial Campus Development Commission is created with 14 members. Action plan expected summer 2026.
October 6, 2025
HB 926 Passes NC Legislature
House vote: 72–37. Senate vote: 31–17. Exempts UNC System from local zoning on Millennial Campus. Strips Asheville of zoning authority; "consultation only, not approval." Statewide precedent.
November 18, 2025
Buncombe County Recovery Plan Adopted
114-project recovery plan. Top priorities: floodplain management, restoring streambanks, preserving flood-prone property. Forest preservation aligns with every stated recovery priority.
December 2025
"Batland" Installation
25 artists collaborate on Spencer Beals' art installation in the forest. UNCA administration removes it in January 2026, triggering a 100+ student walkout.
2026 (ongoing)
Commission Deliberation
HR&A Advisors retained as consultant. Phase 1 output described as "process design only, no standalone report." Phase 2 expected by May 2026. Action plan expected summer 2026.

Advisory Committee Composition

The Millennial Campus Development Commission was created August 14, 2025, with 14 members. Its composition raises questions about independence:

9 trustees
5 other
12-member committee — majority current/former trustees, alumni, or institutional affiliates per UNCA's own roster 5 who voted for the lease serve on the committee reviewing the lease
Not represented:
  • Save the Woods / FOTW
  • City of Asheville officials
  • Buncombe County officials
  • Five Points neighborhood
  • UNCA faculty
Consultant:
  • HR&A Advisors
  • Phase 1 began November 2025
  • Phase 2 ends May 2026
  • Deliverable status: unknown

HB 926: The Zoning Override

North Carolina House Bill 926 (S.L. 2025-94), passed October 6, 2025, exempts the UNC System from all local zoning authority on Millennial Campus land. The City of Asheville retains only a "consultation" role — not approval authority. This sets a statewide precedent that could affect any municipality with a UNC institution.

However, HB 926 cannot override federal regulations. The FEMA floodway designations within the forest (10.6 acres SFHA, including 4.15 acres of floodway) remain enforceable regardless of state zoning exemptions.